托福语法词性变化指南

托福语法指南--词性变化

词性混淆误用一直是TOEEL考题中最重要的命题形式。它与“基本句子结构”(本书要点之1)和“平行结构”(本书要点之4)组成TOEEL命题的三大焦点。有关词性混淆的试题主要集中在written Expression (16-40题)中，命题范围包括

(1)并列结构中词性一致、

(2)形容词与副词混淆、

(3)形容词与名词混淆、

(4)名词与动词混淆。其中，形容词用错的.题型占此类命题的最大比例。词性混淆常考题型及解题要点1.并列连词and but or结构要求词性统一

全真例题分析

(1) Bigness. Boastful. And strong. Frontiersman Mike Fink was the subject of many folk tales. (93.3)

[答案] A并列连词and连接三个形容词，故(A)Bigness应改为Big。

(2) The success of a naval ship is determined by its seaworthiness, speedy ,and maneuverability. (92.10)

[答案] D并列连词and连接三个名词，而speed是形容词，故应改为speed。

(3) Regulation of public utilities in the United States is carried out by locally state and federal governments. (92.5)

[答案] D并列连词and连接三个形容词性质的词，共同修饰后面的中心词governnenrfs。而locally是副词，应改为local。

(4) In Middle Ages. Books called bestiaries were prepared in an attempt to describe animals, real or imagine, that exemplified human traits. (92.5)

[答案] B并列连词or前面是形容词real。之后亦应是形容词imaginary。

2.形容词错用为副词

解题要点形容词用来修饰说明名词或名词性成分的，而副词则可修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分。

全真例题分析

(1) Animal life on Prince Edward island is confined large to ducks. Pheasants. And rabbits (93.5)

[答案]C修饰限定介词短语to ducks pheasants and rabbits应用副词largely。

(2) The General Sherman tree a giant sequoia in California, has grown to be the world*s largest plant at approximate 272 feet tall.

[答案] D修饰说明数词(272)应用副词approximately。

(3) Because its body is supported by water, the blue whale can grow to a size considerable larger than any land mammal alive today. (93.8)

[答案]修饰形容词短语larger than…应用副词形式considerably。

(4) Once an important port of entry for immigrants to the United States. Island recent reopened its great hall s a museum of immigration. (92.8)<词性是否正确，是否错用为动词。

全真例题分析

(1) The work *saga* is often application to any narration of events of the past, whether mythical or historical in character. (92.10)

[答案] A application应改为applied，作谓语动词的被动语态。

(2) Administrative assistants are often expected to make decisions, supervision staff, delegate responsibility, and work harmoniously with managers and fellow cmployces. (92.100

[答案] B supervision改为动词原形supervise与后面名词组成动宾

结构。

(3) Fascination by the promise of the internal engine and its application to a self-propelled vehicle, Henly Ford constructed a one-cylinder gasoline motor in 1892. (93.10)

[答案] A Fascination改为Fascinated,与后面的by组成过去分词短语作状语。

(4) From 1872 to, Alice Elvira Freeman was Dean of Women at the newly foundation University of Chicago. (93.8)

[答案] D foundation改为founded过去分词作定语，修饰University of Chicago

5.由表示词性的后缀- fur ,-tie -enc., -ent,-tive都很可能是此题的考试焦点

全真例题分析

(1) Few theories are originality enough to be called unique. (92.10)

[答案] C名词originality应改为形容词original作表语。

(2) Height, powerful and speed are attributes that coaches often look for in basketball players. (93.8)

[答案] A形容词powerful应改为名词power，与height和speed并列。

(3) A major purpose of scientific analysts is to idenufy and examine causal connections between independent and dependence variables. (93.1)

[答案] D名词dependence应改为形容词dependent,用来修饰后面的名词variables。

(4) A deficient of folic acid is rarely found in humans because the vitamin is contained in a wide variety of foods. (92.8)

[答案]A形容词deficient改为名词deficiency。作主语。

(5) In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously

related to climate. (90.8)

[答案] B形容词distributive改为名词distribution，用主语。

(6) A foreign exchange rate is a price that reflects the relative supply and demand of difference currencies. (93.5)

[答案] D名词difference改为形容词different，修饰后面的名词。