2017托福阅读考前练习题及答案
导语:阅读是托福英语中占的`比分比较多的题型,下面是本站小编提供的2017托福阅读考前练习题,希望大家在阅读中拿到更多的分数!
Perhaps one of the most dramatic and important changes that took place in the Mesozoic era occurred late in that era, among the small organisms that populate the uppermost, sunlit portion of the oceans — the plankton. The term "plankton" is a broad one, designating all of the small plants and animals that float about or weakly propel themselves through the sea. In the late stages of the Mesozoic era, during the Cretaceous period, there was a great expansion of plankton that precipitated skeletons or shells composed of two types of mineral: silica and calcium carbonate.
This development radically changed the types of sediments that accumulated on the seafloor, because, while the organic parts of the plankton decayed after the organisms died, their mineralized skeletons often survived and sank to the bottom. For the first time in the Earth's long history, very large quantities of silica skeletons, which would eventually harden into rock, began to pile up in parts of the deep sea. Thick deposits of calcareous ooze made up of the tiny remains of the calcium carbonate-secreting plankton also accumulated as never before. The famous white chalk cliffs of Dover, in the southeast of England, are just one example of the huge quantities of such material that amassed during the Cretaceous period; there are many more. Just why the calcareous plankton were so prolific during the latter part of the Cretaceous period is not fully understood. Such massive amounts of chalky sediments have never since been deposited over a comparable period of time.
The high biological productivity of the Cretaceous oceans also led to ideal conditions for oil accumulation. Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into petroleum. Sediments rich in organic material accumulated along the margins of the Tethys Seaway, the tropical east-west ocean that formed when Earth's single landmass (known as Pangaea) split apart during the Mesozoic era. Many of today's important oil fields are found in those sediments — in Russia, the Middle East, the Gulf of Mexico, and in the states of Texas and Louisiana in the United States.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How sediments were built up in oceans during the Cretaceous period
(B) How petroleum was formed in the Mesozoic era
(C) The impact of changes in oceanic animal and plant life in the Mesozoic era
(D) The differences between plankton found in the present era and Cretaceous plankton
2. The passage indicates that the Cretaceous period occurred
(A) in the early part of the Mesozoic era
(B) in the middle part of the Mesozoic era
(C) in the later part of the Mesozoic era
(D) after the Mesozoic era
3. The passage mentions all of the following aspects of plankton EXCEPT
(A) the length of their lives
(B) the level of the ocean at which they are found
(C) their movement
(D) their size
4. The word "accumulated" in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) depended
(B) matured
(C) dissolved
(D) collected
5. According to the passage , the most dramatic change to the oceans caused by plankton during the Cretaceous period concerned
(A) the depth of the water
(B) the makeup of the sediment on the ocean floor
(C) the decrease in petroleum-producing sediment
(D) a decline in the quantity of calcareous ooze on the seafloor
6. The "white chalk cliffs of Dover" are mentioned in line 14 of the passage to
(A) show where the plankton sediment first began to build up
(B) provide an example of a plankton buildup that scientists cannot explain
(C) provide an example of the buildup of plankton sediment
(D) indicate the largest single plankton buildup on Earth
7. The word "prolific" in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A) fruitful
(B) distinct
(C) determined
(D) energetic
8. The word "ideal" in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) common
(B) clear
(C) perfect
(D) immediate
9. The word "it" in line 22 refers to
(A) biological productivity
(B) oil
(C) organic material
(D) petroleum
参考答案:CBBAA DCACC
-
如何学习英语阅读理解
每次的英语考试中,最头痛的题目可能就是阅读理解了,下面是小编收集整理的做好英语阅读理解的方法或技巧,大家一起来看一下吧!【如何做好英语阅读理解】一、快速阅读全文,了解文章的大意,注意语境和有关提示,正确地分析、归纳、概括出一篇文章的主旨或段意的表达,千万...
-
2017年雅思口语评分要点有哪些
大多数考生都知道雅思口语评分有四个维度,但如何根据每个部分做具体的准备来取悦考官呢?本文本站小编给出了考官打分时最看重的17个要点,一起来看一下~雅思考官通常从以下四个方面来进行评分:Whenyougointothespeakingtest,theexaminergradesyouinfourareas:FC--F...
-
托福写作素材:家务可以锻炼技能
在阅读的过程中,学会有目地进行摘录,摘录一些对自己有用的写作素材,以便在写作的时候备用,这样才能使书为我所用.下面是小编分享的新托福考试写作素材,希望能帮到大家!适用的题目:Childrenshouldspendmostoftheirtimestudyingorplaying;theyshouldn'tberequi...
-
英语六级考试阅读猜词的参考技巧解读
在英语学习中,我们自然会遇到许多生词。这时,许多人立即翻阅字典,查找词义。其实,这种做法是不科学的。它不但费时费力,而且影响阅读速度。事实上,阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。我们可以利用语境推测、判断某些生词的词义。猜...