职称英语理工a题库真题及答案

职称英语理工a题库篇一：2015年职称英语《理工A》真题及答案(完整文字版)

2015年职称英语《理工A》真题及答案(完整文字版)

第1页：词汇选项

第2页：阅读判断

第3页：概括大意与完成句子

第4页：阅读理解第一篇

第5页：阅读理解第二篇

第6页：阅读理解第三篇

第7页：补全短文

第8页：完形填空

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Iodelembodiesthenewresearchdevelopment.

A.listsB.includesC.borrowsD.broadens

3.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremainextreme

A.severeB.hardC.warmD.dry

4.Sheisanartistwhoseworkwillundoubtedlywithstandthetestoftime.

A.gradeB.attractC.bearD.suffer

5.Heworeashabbythinovercoatinthecoldwintersothathefellill.

A.oldB.bigC.newD.small

6.Theweatherwassogorgeousthatmanypeoplewentouting.

A.uncontrollableB.pleasantC.cloudyD.unbearable

7.Competitorsmustabidebythejudge'sdecision

A.keepB.readC.understandD.obey

8.Theumbrellawasingeniouslydevisedtofoldupintothepocket.

A.seriouslyB.cleverlyC.attentivelyD.carefully

9.Somenewspapersinthewestarenotablybiased.

A.especiallyB.whollyC.totallyD.fairly

10.Hisanswerswereobscureandconfusing.

A.unclearB.obviousC.clearD.direct

11.Thewayshelookedafterheryoungsisterwasreallytouching

A.disturbingB.connectingC.movingD.waving

12.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.

A.stableB.suitableC.changeableD.adaptable

13.Theyhavebuiltcanalstoirrigatethedesert.

A.decorateB.changeC.visitD.water

14.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.

A.outstandingB.realC.creativeD.false

15.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.

A．clothesB.haircutC.purseD.necklace

二、下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

TheGreatestofVictorianEngineers

Inthehundredyearsupto1860,theworkofasmallgroupofconstructionengineerscarriedforwardtheenormoussocialandeconomicchangethatweassociatewiththeIndustrialrevolutioninBritain.ThemostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedand

motivatedhiscolleagues.Hewasthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.Thesonofanengineer,BrunelapprenticedwithhisfatheratanearlyageonthebuildingoftheThamesTunnel.Attheageofjusttwenty,hebecameengineerinchargeoftheproject.ThisimpressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach(决口)occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.

Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,BrunelenteredadesigncompetitionforanewbridgeovertheAvonGorgenearClifton.TheoriginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,whorejectedallentriestothecompetitioninfavorofhisowndesign.Afterconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel'sdesignwasaccepted.Forreasonsoffunding,however,exacerbated(加剧)bysocialuestinBristol,theprojectwasabandonedin1843withonlythetowerscompleted.AfterBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,partlysothatthebridgecouldformafittingmemorialtothegreatengineer.Theentirestructurewasfinallycompletedin1864.

Today,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,justastheOperaHouseisofSydney.Originallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.

16、BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

A、RightB、WrongC、Notmentioned(以下同)

17、Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.

18、Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.

19、Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.

20、SomeprojectsBrunelcontributedtoarestillinusetoday.

21、Brunelbecameanapprenticewithhisfatherwhenhewasveryyoung.

22、TheThamesTunnelprojectwasmoredifficultthananypreviousprojectsundertakeninBritain.

三、下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题；(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Geothermal（地热）Energy

1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones，theheatfromtheearth'scenterflowsoutwardstowardsthesurface。Inthisway，ittransferstothenextlayerofrock。Ifthetemperatureishighenough，someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma（岩浆）。Themagmaascendsinitsturntowardstheearth'ssurface。Itoftenremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface，creatingvastareasofhotrock。Insuchregions，therearedeepcracks，whichallowrainwatertodescendunderground。Someoftheheatedrainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'ssurfacewhereitwillappearasahotspring。However，ifthisscendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不可渗透的）rock，itremainstrapped，formingageothermalreservoir。Ifgeothermalreservoirsarecloseenoughtothesurface，theycanbereachedbydrillingwells。Hotwaterandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally，andcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants。

2。Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemreservoirswhichproducesteambutlittleornowater。Inthesecases，thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator。Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant，constructedatLardarelloin.Italy，wasofthistype，andisstillproducingelectricitytoday。

3。Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary（双重的）plants。Flashplantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300°to700°Fahrenheit。Thiswaterispassedthroughoneortwoseparatorswherereleasedfromthepressureoftheundergroundreservoir，it"flashes"orboilsintosteamAgain，

theforceofthissteamprovidestheenergytospintheturbineandproduceelectricity。Thegeothermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjecteddirectlybackdownintotheearthtomaintainthevolumeandpressureofthereservoir。Graduallytheywillbereheatedandcanthenbeusedagain。

4。Areservoirwithtemperaturesbelow300°Fahrenheitisnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcanstillbeusedtogenerateelectricityinbinaryfluid。Thesteamfromthisisusedtopowertheturbines。Asintheflashsteamplant，thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintothereservoir。

23Paragraph1_________

A、Recyclablewaterandsteam

B、Binaryplants

C、Flashsteamplants

D、Generationofelectricity

E、Originofgeothermalenergy

F、Drysteamplants

24Paragraph2_________25Paragraph3_________

26Paragraph4_________

27Ageothermalreservoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder______.

Ahotsprings

Bimpermeablerock

Clittleornowater

Dturbineoperator

Eoneortwoseparators

Ftheenergytoturnaturbine

28Adry-steamreservoirproducessteamwith______.

29Flashplantsproducehotwaterthrough______.

30Inabinaryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto______.

四、下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

1SportsStarYaoMing

IfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,healmostcertainlythetallest.At2.26m,heisthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemosttoweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGame.

Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名气).Few,ifany,Chineseathletesareaswell-knownasYaoMingaroundtheworld.PeopleacrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,notonlyforhisbasketballprowess(接杰出的才能)butalsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdrafthewasthefirstinternationalplayerevertobeselectedfirst.HisassetsonthecourtareclearenoughnoNBAplayerofhissizehaseverpossessedhismobility,soheisahandful(难对付的人）foropponentsoneitherendofthecourt.ButwhatmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleasaglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAseasonandpossiblytheOlympicswithastressfracture(骨折）inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudderspreadacrossChina.Afterconsiderabledebateand

discussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperationthatplacedseveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,to

offerhisoverburdenedfootmoresupport.Thesurgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimetopreparewithTeamChina.YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentaseriesof

traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocess.WesternexpertsaregenerallyskepticalofTCM’sbenefits,althoughnewresearchfromtheUniversityofRochestersuggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.

“ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,“YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing.

“It’sbeenusedinourcountryforthousandsofyears.Idon’tthinkthatit’sshortonscience.”

31、Theword“towering”inParagraph1means

Alarge.Bfat.Ctall.Dgreat.

32OpponentsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauseofhis

Aassault.Bmobility.Cdefense.Dcelebrity.

33YaoMinghadtoundergoaseriesofTCMtreatmentsbecause

Ahewantedtomakeamorerapidrecovery.

Bhisrightfoothadbeenhurting.

Cthesurgicaloperationhadbeenafailure.

Dhecouldn'taffordallthemedicalexpenses.

34WhichstatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?

AHeisanNBAplayer.

BHefracturedhisleftfoot.

CHemissedtheAthensOlympics.

DHeisaninternationalfigure.

35Ingeneral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMis

Aindifferent.

Bpositive.

Cdoubtful.

Dnegative

2DeforestationandDesertification(沙漠化）

TheSahelzoneliesbetweentheSaharadesertandthefertilesavannahs(热带大草原）ofnorthernNigeriaandSouthSudan.ThewordsahelcomesfromArabicandmeansmarginalortransitional,andthisisagooddescriptionof

thesesemi-arid(半干旱）lands,whichoccupymuchoftheWesternAfricancountriesofMail,Mauritania,Niger,andChad.

Unfortunately,overthelastcenturytheSaharadeserthassteadilycreptsouthwardseatingintoonceproductiveSahellands.UnitedNationssurveysshowthatover70percentofthedrylandinagricultureuseinAfricahasdeterioratedoverthelast30years.Droughtshavebecomemoresevere,themostrecentlastingovertwentyyearsinpartsoftheSahelregion.

ThesameprocessofdesertificationistakingplaceacrosssouthernAfricaastheKalaharidesertadvancesintoBotswanaandpartsofSouthAfrica.

Oneofthemajorcausesofthisdesertadvanceispooragriculturallanduse,drivenbythepressuresofincreasingpopulation.Overgrazing一keepingtoomanyfarmanimalsonthelandmeansthatgrassesandotherplantscannotrecover,andscarcewatersuppliesareexhausted.Overcultivation一tryingtogrowtoomanycropsonpoorland一resultsinthesoilbecomingevenlessfertileanddrier,andbeginningtobreakup.Soilerosion(侵蚀)follows,andthelandturnsinto

职称英语理工a题库篇三：2016职称英语理工A全部答案

2016年职称英语理工类A级词汇选项考试真题及答案

第1部分：词汇选项（第1——15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Therevelationofhispastledtohisresignation.

A.imaginationB.confirmation

C.recallD.disclosure

答案为D.revelation(揭露)–disclosure(揭露)

2.Jensenisadangerousman,andcanbeverybrutal.

A.carelessB.cruel

C.strongD.hard

答案为B.brutal(残忍的.)–cruel

3.You’llhavetosprintifyouwanttocatchthetrain.

A.jumpB.escape

C.runD.prepare

答案为C.sprint(快速奔跑)–run(奔跑)

4.Weareworriedaboutthisfluidsituationfullwithuncertainty.

A.changeableB.stable

C.suitableD.adaptable

答案为A.fluid(不稳定的)–changeable(易变的)

5.Thenewgarmentfitsherperfectly.

C.clothesD.necklace

答案为C.garment(衣服)–clothes(衣服)

6.Thephobiamayhaveitsrootinachildhoodtrauma.

A.fearB.joy

C.hurtD.memory

答案为C.trauma(精神上的创伤)–hurt(感情上的伤心或痛苦)

7.Theyhavetobuildcanalstoirrigatethedesert.

A.decorateB.water

C.changeD.visit

答案为B.irrigate(灌溉)–water(给…浇水)

8.Heroveralllanguageproficiencyremainsthatofatoddler.

A.disabledB.pupil

C.teenagerD.baby

答案为D.toddler(学步的儿童)–baby(婴儿)

9.Thecoastalareahasverymildwinter,butthecentralplainsremain

extremelycold.

A.warmB.severe

C.hardD.dry

答案为A.mild(温暖的)–warm(温暖的)

10.Thedetailsofthecostumeweretotallyauthentic.

A.realB.outstanding

答案为A.authentic(逼真的)–real(逼真的)

11.Weareawareofthepotentialproblems.

A.globalB.possible

C.ongoingD.central

答案为B.potential(可能的)-possible(可能的)

deawasquitebrilliant.

er

inal

答案为liant(绝妙的)–clever(聪明的)

kmarketpricetumbledafterrumorofariseininterestrate.

eased

tained

答案为led(暴跌)–fell(下降)

oursegivesyoubasicinstructionsincarmaintenance.

ct

答案为ructions(指导说明)—coaching（教导）

ouseswithin100metresoftheseasatriskofflooding.

fcontrol

rticular

答案为Aindangerof（处于危险中）—atriskof（处于风险中）

阅读判断

TheGreatestofVictorianEngineers

Inthehundredyearsupto1860,ostimportantoftheseengineerswasIsambardKingdomBrunel,whoseworkinshipping,bridge-building,andrailwayconstruction,tonamejustthreefields,bothchallengedandmotivatedhis

sthedrivingforcebehindanumberofthehugelyambitiousprojects,someofwhichresultedinworkswhicharestillinusetoday.

Thesonofanengineer,eageofjusttwenty,impressiveplantoboreundertheThamestwicesufferedtwomajordisasterswhentheriverbrokethroughintothetunnelwhenthesecondbreach(决口)occurredin1872,Brunelwasseriouslyinjuredduringrescueoperationandfurtherworkwashalted.

Whilerecoveringfromhisinjuries,riginaljudgeofthecompetitionwasThomasTelford,aleadingcivilengineerofhisday,rconsiderablescandal,asecondcontestwasheldandBrunel'easonsoffunding,however,exacerbated(加剧)bysocialuestinBristol,rBrunel’sdeath,itwasdecidedtobeginworkonitagain,y,thewell-knownCliftonSuspensionBridgeisasymbolofBristol,inallyintendedonlyforhorse-drawntraffic,thebridgenowbearsoverfourmillionmotorvehiclesayear.

16.【题干】BrunelwasanimportantairplaneengineerinBritainduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

【选项】

t

g

entioned

【答案】C

【解析】

17.【题干】Brunelwasinvolvedlessinrailwayconstructionthaninotherengineeringfields.

【选项】

t

g

entioned

【答案】C

【解析】

18.【题干】Brunelworkedonlyonshipping,bridge-buildingandrailwayconstruction.

【选项】

t

g

entioned

【答案】B

【解析】

19.【题干】Brunelworkwaslargelyignoredbyhiscolleagues.

【选项】